|
|
Radiation Risk Communication for Paediatric Patients in Nuclear Medicine
SOVADINOVÁ, Petra
Radiation protection in pediatric patients is a very current topic as the use of ionizing radiation in children's medicine is an integral part of the diagnosis or treatment of many diseases. International attention is paid to radiosensitivity in children. This is because a child's organism is much more sensitive to radiation than an adult's, and many parents are afraid of exposing their child to the risks of ionizing radiation. It may also happen that they may refuse the examination, but consistent and understandable communication between experts and parents can contribute to greater trust and mental peace of both the parents and their child patient. In the theoretical part, the problem of ionizing radiation, its effects on the human organism and the use of ionizing radiation in medicine, specifically in examinations at the nuclear medicine department, are described. The diploma thesis is focused on the risks in pediatric patients who undergo an examination in which ionizing radiation is used. The main goal of the diploma thesis is to emphasize the importance of ionizing radiation in medicine and to find out how communication between parents and a specialist takes place before the examination. It also appeals to the positive benefits of the examination outweighing the risks. A part of the research investigation is to find out whether parents are aware of the examination their child is undergoing and whether it contributes to alleviating their fears about the application of ionizing radiation. The research part is processed in the form of a questionnaire survey with the parents of child patients and interviews with experts in nuclear medicine.
|
|
|
Study of plasma protein binding of radiopharmaceuticals
Hafinec, Václav Matyáš ; Lázníček, Milan (advisor) ; Ramos Mandíková, Jana (referee)
Study of Plasma Protein Binding of Radiopharmaceuticals Summary The purpose of this work is the study of binding of substances (177 Lu-DOTA- [Lys3]bombesin, 177 Lu-NOTA-[Lys3]bombesin, 177 Lu-PCTA-[Lys3]bombesin, and 177 Lu- DOTA-MG47) to plasma proteins by equilibrum dialysis in 37řC, particularly using plasma samples of beef, rabbit, rat and human. Within this group, these substances were compared interspecifically. The substances 177 Lu-DOTA-[Lys3]bombesin, 177 Lu-NOTA-[Lys3]bombesin, 177 Lu- PCTA-[Lys3]bombesin, and 177 Lu-DOTA-MG47 are the newly developed receptor- specific radiolabeled peptides. For all the newly collected data, the interspecific comparison and subsequent statistical evaluation was performed. The indicated bombesin derivates were compared and statistically analyzed even between themselves. During the interspecies comparisons and the determination of the statistical significance of the data, there were found statistically significant and statistically highly significant differences between some of the examined samples. A highly significant difference was found during comparing with samples of 177 Lu-NOTA- [Lys3]bombesin and statistical evaluation, there was found a statistically highly significant difference. Despite the differences found, it is clear that the plasma binding concerning...
|
|
|
Complexes of 1,4,7-triazacyclononane derivatives
Kubinec, Jan ; Kubíček, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Vojtíšek, Pavel (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to prepare monoamide of macrocycle H3NOTA, which was prepared by multiple step synthesis. Ligand was characterized by NMR, MS and X-ray difraction analysis. Acid-base properties were studied by potentiometric titrations. Four protonation constants pKa`s were found and these protonation constants are lower than pKa`s of H3NOTA. Coordination properties with selected metal ions from the first row of transition metal, metal ions of biological interest and with lithium ions were investigated by potentiometric titration. Stability constants show that monoethylamide derivative of macrocycle H3NOTA forms complexes with lower stability than diethylamide derivative of macrocycle H3NOTA. Stability constants for complexes which contains amide group are lower than for H3NOTA complexes. Kinetics of Ga3+ complexation was investigated at different pH by 71 Ga NMR. The rate constants of and half-lives of complexation were determined at pH = 1. The rate constant was higher and the half-life of complexation was shorter than for H3NOTA ligand. Key words: macrocyclic complexes, thermodynamic stability, formation kinetics, radiopharmaceutical
|
|
|
Macrocyclic complexes with open coordination sphere
Jaroš, Adam ; Kubíček, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Gyepes, Róbert (referee)
The aim of this work was to synthesize and study acid-base and coordination properties of ligands bearing a neutral or negative charge on their pendant arms. Acid-base properties of two ligands and thermodynamic stability of their complexes with gallium, copper, and zinc ions were studied using potentiometry, UV-Vis and NMR. Solid state structure of one of the ligands and its complex with copper ion was studied using RTG structural analysis. Structure of complexes in solution was studied using methods of computational chemistry.
|
|
|
The specifics of the work of nurse at the department of nuclear medicine
JONSZTOVÁ, Lucie
Nuclear medicine is a medical discipline, that deals with investigational and treatment methods, used by open radioactive emitters - known as radiopharmaceuticals. At present, the methods of nuclear medicine are very used and constantly developing. This bachelor's thesis is divided into a theoretical and an empirical part. The theoretical part of the work contains the requirements for knowledge of nurses working at the nuclear medicine ward. This section discusses particularly the ionizing radiation, its biological effects, methods of nuclear medicine and, of course, radiopharmaceuticals. In this part are mentioned also the educational opportunities for nurses, which are focused mainly on postgraduate education. An important part of the nurse's work is the protection against the ionizing radiation, in this work we consider the protection of nurses and patients. In the last segment are described the most common procedures of examination and some techniques of treatment in nuclear medicine. The empirical piece of work has been processed through a qualitative approach by the help of a semi-structured interview. The interviews were conducted with nurses working at the department of nuclear medicine. The informations obtained from the nurses were analyzed and subsequently categorized. In the context of the exploratory research, was set the goal - to map the specifics of the nurse's work at the department of nuclear medicine. The results of the research survey showed, what are the specifics of the nurse's work at the nuclear medicine's department. Among the specifics of the nurse's work belongs especially theoretical knowledge, the machine operating, the preparation for actual examination and its execution, providing informations and the associated protection from ionizing radiation. The results also pointed to the lack of opportunities nurses have for education in the area of nuclear medicine and told of their satisfaction from working at this department.
|
|
|
Synthesis and coordination properties of TACN phosphinate derivatives
Kohúteková, Soňa ; Kubíček, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Gyepes, Róbert (referee)
The aim of this work is preparation and characterization of a ligand for a selective complexation of gallium (III). The ligand is a derivative of macrocycle NOTA with bis(phosphinic) pendant arm. Protonation constants and stability constants with copper (II), nickel (II), zinc (II) and gallium (III) cations were determined by potentiometric titrations. The ligand was also used for studying complexation kinetics with gallium (III) ions and might serve as a potential contrast agent for 68 Ga-PET.
|
|
|
Environmental Effects of 223-Ra Radiopharmaceuticals
Krmelová, Tereza ; Smrček, Stanislav (advisor) ; Podlipná, Radka (referee)
Title: Environmental Effects of 223 Ra Radiopharmaceuticals Author: Tereza Krmelová Branch: Environmental chemistry Type of thesis: Diploma thesis Advisor: Doc. Ing. Stanislav Smrček, CSc Abstract: In thesis was studied the possibility of extracting the nanoparticles of titanium dioxide or hydroxyapatite with bounded 223 Ra by root system of tested plant species Avena sativa and Zea mays as a model for phytoremediation technologies. The thesis obtains data to assess the potential of residues radioactivity and nanomaterials entering the food chain. There was also verified an experiment of 223 Ra phytoextraction, in the form of nitrate, in effects on addition of EDTA, which was conducted in Bachelor thesis. This experiment was repeated because of its results, which were inconsistent with generally described phytoextraction efficiency improvements after adding the complexing agents. In this work was primary studied translocation of radioactive material from the root to shoot. Experimentally was confirmed the extraction of nanoparticles with bounded 223 Ra and translocation into shoot. In the case of Avena sativa, capturing of nanoparticles hydroxyapatite with bounded 223 Ra was 53 % of which 88 % of activity was recovered in roots and 12 % in shoots. Capturing nanoparticles of titanium dioxide with bounded 223...
|
|
|
Coordination properties of NOTA monoamide
Kubinec, Jan ; Kubíček, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Matulková, Irena (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to prepare monoamide of macrocycle NOTA, which was successfully prepared and fully characterized. Acid-base properties were investigated by potentiometric titration and four protonation constants were found, which are lower than pKa ` s of NOTA ligand. Coordination properties with selected ions from the first row of transition metals were investigated. Stability constants of studied complexes are also lower than the same complexes with NOTA ligand. Key words: macrocyclic complexes, positron emission tomography, thermodynamic stability, formation kinetic, radiopharmaceuticals
|
|
|
Study of plasma protein binding of radiopharmaceuticals
Hafinec, Václav Matyáš ; Lázníček, Milan (advisor) ; Ramos Mandíková, Jana (referee)
Study of Plasma Protein Binding of Radiopharmaceuticals Summary The purpose of this work is the study of binding of substances (177 Lu-DOTA- [Lys3]bombesin, 177 Lu-NOTA-[Lys3]bombesin, 177 Lu-PCTA-[Lys3]bombesin, and 177 Lu- DOTA-MG47) to plasma proteins by equilibrum dialysis in 37řC, particularly using plasma samples of beef, rabbit, rat and human. Within this group, these substances were compared interspecifically. The substances 177 Lu-DOTA-[Lys3]bombesin, 177 Lu-NOTA-[Lys3]bombesin, 177 Lu- PCTA-[Lys3]bombesin, and 177 Lu-DOTA-MG47 are the newly developed receptor- specific radiolabeled peptides. For all the newly collected data, the interspecific comparison and subsequent statistical evaluation was performed. The indicated bombesin derivates were compared and statistically analyzed even between themselves. During the interspecies comparisons and the determination of the statistical significance of the data, there were found statistically significant and statistically highly significant differences between some of the examined samples. A highly significant difference was found during comparing with samples of 177 Lu-NOTA- [Lys3]bombesin and statistical evaluation, there was found a statistically highly significant difference. Despite the differences found, it is clear that the plasma binding concerning...
|
|
|
The role of the radiologist assistant in radionuclide brain examination
Horčičková, Zuzana ; Vlček, Petr (referee) ; Špalková, Ingrid (advisor)
Bachelor's thesis "The Role of the radiotherapist in radionuclide brain examinations" is engaged Nuclear medicine imaging methods in the examination of the brain and the role of the radiotherapist at radioisotope nuclear examination in the brain. The work is divided into nine parts. In the first and second part describes anatomy and physiology of the nervous system. The third part is devoted to regional brain blood perfusion - an examination of brain perfusion and assessment of cerebrovascular reserve capacity, which is described preparation and advance in examination, used radiofarmaceutical, evaluation of SPECT examination and contraindication. For testing cerebrovascular reserve capacity are described options burdens. Furthermore, in this chapter refers to the differential diagnostics of dementia, the detection of epileptic focus, the diagnosis of brain death and diagnostics of brain trauma. The fourth part is direct on receptor diagnostics. With respect to commercially supplied by diagnostic ligand is the most common examination dopamine system. The fifth part deals with 18F-FDG - PET examination of the brain. Distribution and intensity of glucose metabolism in the brain can be visualized. The sixth part deals with the diagnosis of brain tumors. In this chapter described the examination using of SPECT...
|
guest ::
